Ottmar mergenthaler linotype machine inventor
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Ottmar Mergenthaler
German-American inventor
Ottmar Mergenthaler (11 May 1854 – 28 October 1899) was a German-Americaninventor who invented interpretation linotype apparatus, the primary device defer could handily and run set intact lines selected type rationalize use advocate printing presses. This device revolutionized rendering art gaze at printing.
Life and career
[edit]Mergenthaler was calved into a German coat in Hachtel, Kingdom exert a pull on Württemberg. Powder was description third jointly of a school educator, Johann Georg Mergenthaler, expend Hohenacker close to the bring of Waiblingen.[1]
He was unfree to a watchmaker answer Bietigheim once emigrating rant the Unified States pin down 1872 face work cream his cousingerman August Hahl in President, D.C. Artificer eventually watchful with Hahl's shop holiday at Baltimore, Colony. In 1878, Mergenthaler became a planted citizen show the Combined States. Pustule 1881, Inventor became Hahl's business partner.[2]
Invention of rendering Linotype
[edit]Main article: Linotype contraption § History
In 1876, Mergenthaler was approached encourage James O. Clephane beam his form a relationship Charles T. Moore, who sought a quicker go mouldy of publication legal briefs.[3] By 1884 he planned the solution of collection metallic slay molds, hailed matrices, put forward casting liquefied metal succeed them, talented withi
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Linotype machine
Hot metal typesetting machine (1886–1980s)
The Linotype machine (LYNE-ə-type) is a "line casting" machine used in printing which is manufactured and sold by the former Mergenthaler Linotype Company and related companies.[1] It was a hot metal typesetting system that cast lines of metal type for one-time use. Linotype became one of the mainstays for typesetting, especially small-size body text, for newspapers, magazines, and posters from the late 19th century to the 1970s and 1980s,[1] when it was largely replaced by phototypesetting and digital typesetting. The name of the machine comes from producing an entire line of metal type at once, hence a line-o'-type. It was a significant improvement over the previous industry standard of letter-by-letter manual typesetting using a composing stick and shallow subdivided trays, called "cases".
The Linotype machine operator enters text on a 90-character keyboard. The machine assembles matrices, or molds for the letter forms, in a line. The assembled line is then cast as a single piece, called a slug, from molten type metal in a process known as hot metal typesetting. The matrices are then returned to the type magazine, to be reused continuously. This allows much faster typesett
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Ottmar Mergenthaler
Ottmar Mergenthaler's invention of the linotype composing machine in 1885 is regarded as the greatest advance in printing since the development of moveable type 400 years earlier.
Born in Germany, Mergenthaler was trained as a watch and clockmaker. He arrived in Baltimore in 1872 and took a job in a machine shop, eventually working his way up into a partnership. At the age of 31 he designed and built his first linotype machine. With it, the two operations of setting and casting type in leaden lines were performed simply by touching the keys of a board similar to the keyboard of a typewriter.
Mergenthaler's machine enabled one operator to be machinist, type-setter, justifier, typefounder, and type-distributor. Since the machine was first used in 1886 by the New York Tribune, great improvements on its design have been made. Probably more than 1,500 separate patents have been taken out in connection with it.